新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗接种后血清中和抗体的观察

付春燕; 蒋黎; 黄燚

doi:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2023.22804

新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗接种后血清中和抗体的观察

Serum neutralizing antibody following the vaccination of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines

摘要

摘要:
目的分析健康人群接种新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗（简称“新冠灭活疫苗”）后血清中和抗体水平差异。
方法选择2021年1至12月在四川省人民医院接种新冠灭活疫苗的医护人员，根据疫苗接种次数和时间将其分为4组，分别为第2剂后28 d组、第2剂后180 d组、第3剂后28 d组和第3剂后150 d组。采用化学发光法定量检测其血清中和抗体水平，并比较各组间和组内不同性别、年龄和体重指数（BMI）的中和抗体水平。
结果 349例研究对象中，男性113例，女性236例，第2剂后28 d组、第2剂后180 d组、第3剂后28 d组和第3剂后150 d组中和抗体阳性率分别为74.0%、25.7%、100.0%和100.0%，中和抗体水平分别为10.38（5.76，24.00） AU·mL^-1、4.18（3.00，6.18） AU·mL^-1、 41.18（25.80，116.21） AU·mL^-1和33.33（18.09，69.12） AU·mL^-1；各组中和抗体阳性率比较，总体差异有统计学意义（P<0.001），第3剂后28 d组和第3剂后150 d组中和抗体水平均高于第2剂后28 d组和第2剂后180 d组。第2剂后180 d组和第3剂后28 d组青年（<45岁）人群的中和抗体水平高于中老年（≥45岁）人群（P<0.05），第2剂后28 d组体重正常人群中和抗体水平高于超重和肥胖人群（P<0.05），男女中和抗体水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
结论与接种2剂新冠灭活疫苗相比，接种3剂新冠疫苗能显著提高中和抗体水平，诱导更强的免疫保护力，年龄和BMI对中和抗体水平的产生有一定影响。

Abstract:
Objective To determine the difference of serum neutralizing antibody levels in healthy persons following the vaccination of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Methods Health care workers that received inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were enrolled in Sichuan provincial people's hospital from January to December 2021. All participants were classified into four groups according to the number and time of vaccination， which were groups of 28 days after the second dose， 180 days after the second dose， 28 days after the third dose and 150 days after the third dose. Serum neutralizing antibody was quantitatively detected by chemiluminescence method. Furthermore， the serum neutralizing antibody levels were compared within and between groups by gender， age and body mass index（BMI）.
Results A total of 349 participants were enrolled in this study， including 113 males and 236 females. The positive rates of neutralizing antibody in the groups of 28 days after the second dose， 180 days after the second dose， 28 days after the third dose and 150 days after the third dose were 74.0%， 25.7%， 100.0% and 100.0%， respectively. In the four groups， neutralizing antibody levels were 10.38 （5.76， 24.00） AU·mL^-1， 4.18 （3.00， 6.18） AU·mL^-1， 41.18 （25.80， 116.21） AU·mL^-1 and 33.33 （18.09， 69.12） AU·mL^-1， respectively. The positive rate of neutralizing antibody significantly differed across the groups （P<0.001）. Furthermore， neutralizing antibody level in the third dose groups were significantly higher than that in the second dose groups （P<0.001）. Neutralization antibody level in young people （<45 years old） was significantly higher than that in middle-aged and elderly people （≥45 years old） in the groups of 180 days after the second dose and 28 days after the third dose （P<0.05）. Additionally， neutralization antibody level in normal weight participants was significantly higher than that in overweight and obese participants in the group of 28 days after the second dose （P<0.05）. However， no significant difference was found in all groups by gender （P>0.05）.
Conclusion Compared with two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine， three doses can significantly induce higher neutralizing antibody and stronger immune protection. Age and BMI have certain effect on the neutralizing antibody.

HTML全文

参考文献(18)

施引文献

资源附件(0)