Abstract: Objective To investigate the under-reporting rate of death and its causes registration, and to accurately estimate the death rates of the population and infants in Fenghua City. Methods According to the "Survey Program of National Disease Surveillance System on Death Under-reporting", a retrospective investigation was done of death under-reporting in the sample villages in 2009-2011 on the principle of capture-mark-recapture. The data from investigation have been checked up and compared with that on death causes registration surveillance obtained through "Death Under-reporting System" and "China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention" so as to determine the under-reporting rate. Results A total of 855 death cases were determined by the under-reporting investigation on all sample villages, and the total of 853 death cases were reported by the death causes registration system. Two cases were omitted, with under-reporting rate being 0.23%. The omission mortality in survey was 7.10‰. The proportion of the deceased highest diagnostic units and medical institutions above county level was 96.61%. The proportion of not seeking treatment was 0.58%. The inaccurate coding rate was 3.51%. Conclusion In 2009-2011 in Fenghua City,death under-reporting rate was low, integrity good and death diagnosis reliable in terms of death monitoring work stipulated by national disease monitoring system.