Abstract: Objective To study the prevalence and impact factors of non-communicable chronic diseases in Hongkou District, Shanghai, providing scientific basis for prevention and control strategies for chronic diseases.Methods By multi-stage random sampling, 832 residents above 15 years old were investigated with questionnaire and physical measurements.Results Of the 832 residents investigated, the prevalence of hypertension is the highest, up to 27.8%. The rate of smoking, passive smoking, drinking, overweight and obesity were 25.1%, 78.5%, 14.3%, 28.8% and 6.3%, respectively. The investigated persons who lacked physical exercise, calcium intake, vitamin B and C were 80.5%, 44.4% and 6.1%, respectively. And 18.4% of the investigated people had the hobby of eating salted food. The risk of hypertension in women was higher than that of men, people above 50 years old suffered easily from hypertension and diabetes, and people with family history of hypertension and diabetes had the increased risk of hypertension and diabetes. Overweight and obesity were impact factors for hypertension and hyperlipidemia. And hypertension was an impact factor for diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and meanwhile, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were impact factors for hypertension.Conclusion Chronic diseases are characterized by diversification in Hongkou District of Shanghai. So it's urgent to carry out effective interventions and systematical, comprehensive and multiple management model to prevent the spread of chronic diseases and reduce the pressure and economic burden resulting from diseases.