Abstract: Objective To provide a scientific basis for developing a reasonable strategy in popularizing premarital health care by our government, we surveyed the relevant information of premarital health in married citizens of Lucheng District.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method, 300 cases were selected from the two groups of citizens respectively, who participated in premarital health care and who did not. The statistical analysis:the data from the two groups were analyzed with χ² test and logistic regression was used in the multivariate analysis.Results The univariate analysis indicated that 22 factors were significantly different between the two groups with and without premarital health care (P < 0. 05). The multivariate analysis indicated that "understanding of the checkups" and "knowing of the benefits of premarital health" were the most important factors which affected the citizens' activity to participate in premarital health care. The OR value were 4. 731 and 322. 957, respectively. Concerning the rate of birth defect, there was no significant difference between the pregnant group with premarital health care and the group without premarital health care (χ²=0. 068, P > 0. 05). However, there was significant difference in the rate of birth defect between pregnant and non pregnant groups with premarital health care (χ²=4. 002, P < 0. 05).Conclusion To reduce the birth defect and improve population quality, the government should as soon as possible set out a relevant policy to support the execution of premarital health care. In addition, the health institution for married women should improve the operation mode to increase the rate of premarital health care.