Abstract: Objective To analyze the incidence level and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis(TB) from 2004 to 2013 in Putuo District, Shanghai and to provide basis for the development of targeted prevention strategies against tuberculosis.Methods By means of descriptive and comparative approaches, 2,434 cases of TB were retrospectively analyzed in epidemiological characteristics, treatment outcome, complications and so on.MethodsThe registration rate of TB in Putuo District in 2004-2013 decreased from 27.57/100,000 to 26.59/100,000, with an annual descending rate of 0.36%. Annual registration rate and smear positive rate in men were higher than those in women, and three increasing peaks appeared in age-specific registration rates, as 20-29 years, 50-59 years, and 70-79 years. In cases of 0-29 years, the ratio of male to female was 1.21:1, of which students accounted for about one-third mainly in initial treatment (95.50%) and with smear-negativeness 69.59%. In patients at the age of 30-59, the ratio of male to female was 3.16:1, of whom the unemployed at home and workers accounted for about two fifths, more of them being in initial treatment (82.29%) and with smear positiveness 46.13%. Sex ratio was 2.84:1 in cases of 60 or above, of which the retired accounted for two-thirds and smear-positiveness was 61.78%, more of them having complications (36.39%). TB cure rates decreased with the increase of age, and the mortality rate reached a peak in the higher age group.Conclusion Although the epidemic of tuberculosis in registered population declined in Putuo District, targeted policies should be formulated to control tuberculosis, such as strengthening TB control management in school, improving the patient compliance with treatment, and strengthening the comprehensive treatment which may reduce TB mortality.