Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxycodone controlled-release tablets in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who suffered from cancer pain and needed the treatment of docetaxel as second-line drug. Methods Data from 40 patients with NSCLC who suffered from moderate and severe cancer pain and were treated with oxycodone controlled-release tablets and docetaxel 75mg/m2 on d1 every 3 weeks from Feb 2007 to July 2011.The analgesic effects, karnofsky performance status scales(KPS) and adverse effects were observed. Results A group of 40 patients were available for evaluation, of whom the response rate was 27.5%,the disease control rate 60%,and the median survival of all 9.35 months, with one-year survival rate being 37.5%. Compared with the condition before treatment, pain in patients was greatly relieved, and the total pain relief rate was 97.5%,with the NRS score decreased significantly, and KPS score significantly raised, whose differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The main side effect was hematologic toxicity and constipation, which could be solved after treatment. Conclusion Oxycodone combined with Docetaxel has satisfactory efficacy for the patients with moderate to severe pain in NSCLC, thus markedly improving the quality of life of the patients.